The history of Western arts is reduced largely to history of European arts from the Middle Ages and the classical Greco-Roman arts; and the beginning of arts history with the civilizations that are considered precedents (Egypt and the Middle East). The artistic manifestations of earlier times in Europe and the Mediterranean basin are very different, because although some are very distant in time and have a great cultural distance (prehistoric arts); other non (reclaimed wood wall art).
This proportionality reached our days mainly due to conservation of Vitruvian texts during the Middle Ages, although it is likely that different treaties reflect different rules. In field of architecture, the most characteristic buildings of Greek arts are the temples, which are usually classified according to type of plants and order or style columns.
In antiquity, arts was associated with the formal requirements of religious rituals: most of monuments and elements with undeniable arts value that have survived (painting, sculpture, architecture), were intended to symbolize the royal power and myths celestial world. This view of arts is especially between the Egyptians and Babylonians. In Egyptian arts is a celebration of eternal life, manifesting in early days the idea that Pharaoh was still living after his physical death. In Egypt, from the earliest dynasties, Pharaoh was conceived as responsible for Maat, Universal Order and Justice, and this will be reflected in arts.
Egyptian architecture, strong-willed symbolic and great monuments, first used carved stone, in large blocks with a lintel construction system and solid columns. The most characteristic buildings of religious Egyptian architecture are the "complex of pyramids", temples and tombs (mastabas and hypogea). Few have been preserved remains of civil architecture, it was built with adobe.
The sculpture reached during the fourth dynasty absolute mastery of technique in elegant and realistic depictions of scribes and statues of pharaohs stately. Dominated the "law of frontal". The mural representations, embossed or paintings, represented by symbolic hierarchical approach and mythological images, royalty and, later, scenes of everyday life (in tombs of nobles). Predominant "canon profile".
The Greeks are responsible for a concept of arts that permeate virtually all Western European arts production for over 2000 years. The Greek word for arts, techne, which also means arts or trade, will be associated with the idea of mimesis, which considers that in real world, the arts expression should represent the search for the ideal.
Ideally, for the Greeks, was represented by the perfection of nature, in this way, arts must be perfect. Therefore, according to classical view, arts is an imitation of nature, but is not reduced to a simple portrait of her, but seeks an ideal and universal nature. The search for this universal ideal of nature is, for classical arts, the quest for universal beauty, for nature, being perfect, is beautiful. There is no separation, according to this view, arts, science, mathematics and philosophy: all human knowledge is aimed at the pursuit of perfection.
It should be noted that the people in Middle Ages did not have the habit of reading, and very few had access to writing and could read. Therefore, arts was a way to spread in society the doctrine of Christianity. It is difficult to identify individual arts in this period, except for some foreman in architectural construction, and most of works are by anonymous authors. The Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci is the symbol of humanistic spirit of Renaissance. The arts of this period A period reflects do arts design features: classicism, reason and symmetry.
This proportionality reached our days mainly due to conservation of Vitruvian texts during the Middle Ages, although it is likely that different treaties reflect different rules. In field of architecture, the most characteristic buildings of Greek arts are the temples, which are usually classified according to type of plants and order or style columns.
In antiquity, arts was associated with the formal requirements of religious rituals: most of monuments and elements with undeniable arts value that have survived (painting, sculpture, architecture), were intended to symbolize the royal power and myths celestial world. This view of arts is especially between the Egyptians and Babylonians. In Egyptian arts is a celebration of eternal life, manifesting in early days the idea that Pharaoh was still living after his physical death. In Egypt, from the earliest dynasties, Pharaoh was conceived as responsible for Maat, Universal Order and Justice, and this will be reflected in arts.
Egyptian architecture, strong-willed symbolic and great monuments, first used carved stone, in large blocks with a lintel construction system and solid columns. The most characteristic buildings of religious Egyptian architecture are the "complex of pyramids", temples and tombs (mastabas and hypogea). Few have been preserved remains of civil architecture, it was built with adobe.
The sculpture reached during the fourth dynasty absolute mastery of technique in elegant and realistic depictions of scribes and statues of pharaohs stately. Dominated the "law of frontal". The mural representations, embossed or paintings, represented by symbolic hierarchical approach and mythological images, royalty and, later, scenes of everyday life (in tombs of nobles). Predominant "canon profile".
The Greeks are responsible for a concept of arts that permeate virtually all Western European arts production for over 2000 years. The Greek word for arts, techne, which also means arts or trade, will be associated with the idea of mimesis, which considers that in real world, the arts expression should represent the search for the ideal.
Ideally, for the Greeks, was represented by the perfection of nature, in this way, arts must be perfect. Therefore, according to classical view, arts is an imitation of nature, but is not reduced to a simple portrait of her, but seeks an ideal and universal nature. The search for this universal ideal of nature is, for classical arts, the quest for universal beauty, for nature, being perfect, is beautiful. There is no separation, according to this view, arts, science, mathematics and philosophy: all human knowledge is aimed at the pursuit of perfection.
It should be noted that the people in Middle Ages did not have the habit of reading, and very few had access to writing and could read. Therefore, arts was a way to spread in society the doctrine of Christianity. It is difficult to identify individual arts in this period, except for some foreman in architectural construction, and most of works are by anonymous authors. The Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci is the symbol of humanistic spirit of Renaissance. The arts of this period A period reflects do arts design features: classicism, reason and symmetry.
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